濟(jì)南輕型鋼結(jié)構(gòu)廠房安裝需遵循嚴(yán)格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)貧夂驐l件與建筑規(guī)范，確保結(jié)構(gòu)安全穩(wěn)定、施工質(zhì)量達(dá)標(biāo)。以下是具體的安裝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)說(shuō)明：

　　The installation of light steel structure factories in Jinan must follow strict standards, combined with local climate conditions and building regulations, to ensure structural safety and stability, and construction quality standards. The following are specific installation standard instructions:

　　前期準(zhǔn)備需符合規(guī)范要求。施工前需審核設(shè)計(jì)圖紙，核對(duì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的型號(hào)、尺寸、數(shù)量，確保與圖紙一致，同時(shí)檢查構(gòu)件外觀，不得有裂紋、變形、涂層脫落等缺陷，若發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題需及時(shí)返廠處理。根據(jù)施工場(chǎng)地的地質(zhì)勘察報(bào)告，確認(rèn)基礎(chǔ)承載力符合設(shè)計(jì)要求，基礎(chǔ)預(yù)埋件的位置、標(biāo)高、平面位移偏差需控制在允許范圍內(nèi)（通常標(biāo)高偏差不超過(guò) ±10mm，平面位移不超過(guò) ±20mm）。清理場(chǎng)地障礙物，平整場(chǎng)地并做好排水設(shè)施，防止雨季積水影響施工。準(zhǔn)備好吊裝設(shè)備（如汽車吊、履帶吊）、測(cè)量工具（全站儀、水準(zhǔn)儀、經(jīng)緯儀）及安裝輔材（高強(qiáng)螺栓、焊條等），設(shè)備需經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)合格，工具需校準(zhǔn)精準(zhǔn)。

　　The preliminary preparation must comply with the regulatory requirements. Before construction, it is necessary to review the design drawings, verify the model, size, and quantity of the steel structural components to ensure consistency with the drawings, and inspect the appearance of the components to ensure that there are no defects such as cracks, deformation, or coating peeling. If any problems are found, they should be promptly returned to the factory for processing. According to the geological survey report of the construction site, it is confirmed that the foundation bearing capacity meets the design requirements. The position, elevation, and plane displacement deviation of the foundation embedded parts need to be controlled within the allowable range (usually the elevation deviation does not exceed ± 10mm, and the plane displacement does not exceed ± 20mm). Clear the obstacles on the site, level the area, and install drainage facilities to prevent water accumulation during the rainy season from affecting construction. Prepare lifting equipment (such as truck cranes, crawler cranes), measuring tools (total station, level, theodolite), and installation accessories (high-strength bolts, welding rods, etc.). The equipment must be inspected and qualified, and the tools must be calibrated accurately.

　　基礎(chǔ)與預(yù)埋件安裝是關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。基礎(chǔ)混凝土強(qiáng)度需達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度的 75% 以上方可進(jìn)行鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝，預(yù)埋件表面需清理干凈，去除浮銹和雜物。安裝前用水準(zhǔn)儀測(cè)量預(yù)埋件標(biāo)高，通過(guò)墊鐵調(diào)整平整度，墊鐵需墊實(shí)墊穩(wěn)，每組墊鐵不超過(guò) 3 塊，且與基礎(chǔ)接觸緊密。預(yù)埋件與基礎(chǔ)的連接需牢固，若采用螺栓固定，螺栓擰緊扭矩需符合設(shè)計(jì)要求，外露絲扣長(zhǎng)度為 2-3 扣。基礎(chǔ)頂面需設(shè)置防潮層，防止鋼結(jié)構(gòu)底部受潮銹蝕，濟(jì)南多雨氣候下，此環(huán)節(jié)尤為重要。

　　The installation of foundations and embedded parts is a crucial step. The basic concrete strength needs to reach 75% or more of the design strength before steel structure installation can be carried out. The surface of the embedded parts needs to be cleaned to remove floating rust and debris. Before installation, use a level to measure the elevation of the embedded parts, adjust the flatness through shims, and ensure that the shims are firmly and securely placed. Each group of shims should not exceed 3 pieces and should be in close contact with the foundation. The connection between the embedded parts and the foundation should be firm. If bolts are used for fixation, the tightening torque of the bolts should meet the design requirements, and the exposed thread length should be 2-3 threads. A moisture-proof layer should be installed on the top surface of the foundation to prevent the bottom of the steel structure from being damp and corroded. This is particularly important in Jinan's rainy climate.

　　構(gòu)件安裝需精準(zhǔn)控制。鋼柱安裝時(shí)，用全站儀校正垂直度，垂直度偏差不得超過(guò) H/1000（H 為柱高），且最大偏差不超過(guò) 15mm。柱腳與預(yù)埋件連接牢固，擰緊地腳螺栓后，在柱腳空隙處灌注細(xì)石混凝土，待混凝土凝固后再拆除臨時(shí)支撐。屋面梁、屋面檁條安裝需按編號(hào)順序進(jìn)行，梁與柱的連接節(jié)點(diǎn)需對(duì)齊，采用高強(qiáng)螺栓連接時(shí)，螺栓穿入方向一致，不得強(qiáng)行敲打，初擰、終擰需按規(guī)定順序進(jìn)行，終擰扭矩值需符合設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。檁條安裝間距偏差不超過(guò) ±5mm，頂面標(biāo)高偏差不超過(guò) ±10mm，確保屋面平整，便于后續(xù)屋面系統(tǒng)施工。

　　The installation of components requires precise control. When installing steel columns, use a total station to calibrate the verticality. The verticality deviation should not exceed H/1000 (H is the column height), and the maximum deviation should not exceed 15mm. The column base should be firmly connected to the embedded parts, and after tightening the anchor bolts, pour fine aggregate concrete into the gap at the column base. After the concrete solidifies, remove the temporary support. The installation of roof beams and roof purlins should be carried out in the order of numbering, and the connection nodes between beams and columns should be aligned. When using high-strength bolts for connection, the direction of bolt penetration should be consistent, and forced tapping is not allowed. The initial and final tightening should be carried out in the prescribed order, and the final tightening torque value should meet the design standards. The installation spacing deviation of purlins shall not exceed ± 5mm, and the top elevation deviation shall not exceed ± 10mm, ensuring a flat roof and facilitating subsequent roof system construction.

　　屋面與墻面系統(tǒng)安裝需符合密封與承重要求。屋面彩鋼板鋪設(shè)應(yīng)順流水方向搭接，搭接長(zhǎng)度不小于 100mm，并用自攻螺釘固定，螺釘間距均勻，每波峰處至少設(shè)置 1 顆，且需打在波峰上，防止漏水。墻面彩鋼板安裝需垂直平整，板與板之間的搭接縫需用密封膠密封，轉(zhuǎn)角處需加裝包角件，增強(qiáng)密封性和美觀度。屋面支撐系統(tǒng)（如水平支撐、隅撐）需同步安裝，保證整體穩(wěn)定性，支撐構(gòu)件的連接節(jié)點(diǎn)不得松動(dòng)，焊接部位的焊縫高度需符合設(shè)計(jì)要求，且無(wú)氣孔、夾渣等缺陷。

　　The installation of roof and wall systems must comply with sealing and load-bearing requirements. The laying of roof color steel plates should be overlapped in the direction of water flow, with an overlap length of not less than 100mm, and fixed with self tapping screws, with uniform spacing between screws. At least one screw should be set at each peak, and it should be hit on the peak to prevent water leakage. The installation of color steel plates on the wall should be vertical and flat, and the overlapping joints between the plates should be sealed with sealant. Corner fittings should be added at the corners to enhance sealing and aesthetics. The roof support system (such as horizontal supports and corner braces) needs to be installed synchronously to ensure overall stability. The connection nodes of the support components must not be loose, and the weld height of the welding parts must meet the design requirements and be free of defects such as air holes and slag inclusions.

　　高強(qiáng)螺栓連接與焊接質(zhì)量需嚴(yán)格把控。高強(qiáng)螺栓安裝前需檢查其型號(hào)、規(guī)格，不得混用，接觸面需經(jīng)處理（如噴砂、打磨），摩擦面抗滑移系數(shù)符合設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)定。螺栓擰緊分初擰和終擰，初擰扭矩為終擰扭矩的 50%，終擰后需做標(biāo)記，嚴(yán)禁漏擰、欠擰。焊接作業(yè)需由持證焊工操作，焊條型號(hào)與母材匹配，焊接前清理坡口兩側(cè)的油污、鐵銹，焊接后檢查焊縫質(zhì)量，外觀不得有裂紋、未熔合等缺陷，重要焊縫需進(jìn)行無(wú)損檢測(cè)。濟(jì)南風(fēng)力較大，連接節(jié)點(diǎn)的強(qiáng)度直接影響結(jié)構(gòu)抗風(fēng)性能，需格外重視。

　　The connection and welding quality of high-strength bolts need to be strictly controlled. Before installing high-strength bolts, their model and specifications must be checked and mixed. The contact surface must be treated (such as sandblasting and polishing), and the anti slip coefficient of the friction surface must meet the design requirements. Bolt tightening is divided into initial tightening and final tightening, with the initial tightening torque being 50% of the final tightening torque. After final tightening, a mark must be made to strictly prohibit missing or insufficient tightening. Welding operations must be carried out by certified welders, with welding rod models matching the base metal. Before welding, clean the oil and rust on both sides of the groove. After welding, inspect the quality of the weld seam, and ensure that there are no defects such as cracks or lack of fusion on the appearance. Important welds must undergo non-destructive testing. The wind in Jinan is strong, and the strength of the connecting nodes directly affects the wind resistance performance of the structure, which requires special attention.

　　防火與防腐處理需達(dá)標(biāo)。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)表面涂層需均勻光滑，干膜厚度符合設(shè)計(jì)要求（通常底漆厚度不小于 40μm，面漆厚度不小于 30μm），涂層需覆蓋所有外露表面，包括螺栓、節(jié)點(diǎn)等部位。防火涂料施工需在鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝驗(yàn)收合格后進(jìn)行，涂層厚度根據(jù)防火等級(jí)確定，施工過(guò)程中需分層涂刷，每層厚度不超過(guò)規(guī)定值，確保涂層附著牢固，無(wú)空鼓、脫落。對(duì)于易積水的部位（如天溝、柱腳），需加強(qiáng)防腐處理，可增加涂層厚度或采用鍍鋅處理。

　　Fire prevention and anti-corrosion treatment must meet the standards. The surface coating of steel structures should be uniform and smooth, and the dry film thickness should meet the design requirements (usually the primer thickness should not be less than 40 μ m, and the topcoat thickness should not be less than 30 μ m). The coating should cover all exposed surfaces, including bolts, nodes, and other parts. The construction of fireproof coating should be carried out after the installation and acceptance of the steel structure is qualified. The coating thickness is determined according to the fire rating. During the construction process, it should be applied layer by layer, and the thickness of each layer should not exceed the specified value to ensure that the coating is firmly attached without hollowing or peeling. For areas prone to water accumulation, such as gutters and column bases, it is necessary to strengthen anti-corrosion treatment by increasing the coating thickness or using galvanizing treatment.

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